Neisseria Meningitidis ETIOLOGY

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Neisseria Meningitidis etiology consists of the causative agent which is Neisseria Meningitidis

First of all, Neisseria Meningitidis etiology consists of the causative agent which is Neisseria Meningitidis. In fact, it is small gram-negative diplococcus, aerobic, and possess a polysaccharide capsule, which is the main antigen and determines the serutype of the species. The serogroups of the pathogenic organisms are A, B, C, D, W, Y, Z and L

Neisseria Meningitidis
SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION

Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Proteobacteria
Class: Betaproteobacteria
Order: Neisseriales
Family: Neisseriaceae
Genus: Neisseria
Species: NEISSERIA Meningitidis


Neisseria Meningitidis MORPHOLOGY

  • Capsulated Gram Negative diplococci
  • Length 0.5-1 µm
  • Kidney shaped, flat sides adjacent
  • Intracellular, usually
  • Non-motile
  • Non spore-forming

Neisseria Meningitidis PATHOGENIC ACTION OF FACTORS

Second, the list factors of the pathogenic action of Neisseria Meningitidis are:
  • Biological properties,
  • Promoting attachment of the mucous membrane of nasopharynx depression of symbiotic microflora.
  • Penetration of mucous barriers,
  • Toxic properties and other.

Neisseria Meningitidis CULTURE

  • Growth occur in media enriched with blood or serum.
  • Strict aerobes.
  • Temperature [ 35 – 36 ] degree
  • pH [ 7.4 – 7.6 ]
  • Colony – small(1mm), round , convex, grey, translucent with entire endegs.
  • Chocolate agar is comonly used.

Neisseria Meningitidis PATHOGENESIS

  • It causes pyogenic meningitis in all ages, but is common in children and young adults.
  • Meningococcaemia presets as acute fever with petechial rash.

Neisseria Meningitidis BIOCHEMICAL REACTION

  • Catalase -> Positive
  • Oxisdase -> Positive
  • H2S or idole are not produced.
  • Nitrates are not reduced.

Neisseria Meningitidis RESISTANCE

Third, the resistance of bacterium in the environment are low. For example: Neisseria Meningitidis bacterium perish in the temperature 50°C for 5 minutes, in the temperature 100°C for 30 seconds. In conclusion, Neisseria Meningitidis bacterium can’t resist for low temperature.

Neisseria Meningitidis VIRULENCE FACTORS

Neisseria Meningitidis VIRULENCE FACTORS
Noteworthy, Neisseria Meningitidis has three critical virulence factors:
  • IgA protease. It cleaves the IgA antobides present in respiratory mucosa.
  • The endotoxin of Neisseria Meningitidis is a lipopolysacchalride (LPS). It induces septic shock by causing release of cytokines.
  • Polysaccharride capsule. It is antiphagocytic in nature.

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